The process whereby rocks are broken down into small particles through both phys...

Weathering is the process whereby rocks are broken down into small particles through both physical and chemical factors. It is a natural process that occurs over time due to various environmental factors.

Physical weathering involves the mechanical breakdown of rocks into smaller pieces without changing their chemical composition. This can happen through processes such as freeze-thaw cycles, where water seeps into cracks in rocks, freezes, and expands, causing the rock to break apart. Other physical weathering processes include abrasion from wind and water, as well as the growth of plant roots that can pry rocks apart.

Chemical weathering, on the other hand, involves the chemical alteration of rocks through reactions with substances in the environment. For example, rocks can be weathered by acidic rainwater, which can dissolve minerals and weaken the structure of the rock. Chemical weathering can also occur through oxidation, where certain minerals in the rock react with oxygen in the air, causing them to break down.

Both physical and chemical weathering work together to break down rocks into smaller particles, which eventually contribute to the formation of soil. This process is important for the development of fertile land for agriculture, as weathering helps to release essential nutrients from rocks, making them available for plant growth.

In the given options, the correct answer is Option E: weathering. This option accurately describes the process of rocks being broken down into small particles through both physical and chemical factors.

To learn more about weathering and its importance in agriculture, please read the relevant sections of the recommended textbooks.